Steven Cumper
Steven John Cumper, B.App.Sc. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong background in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine. He founded Medshop while studying at RMIT University in Australia, expanding its reach to markets in Papua New Guinea, Singapore, and Malaysia. In September 2021, the Bunzl Group acquired a majority stake in Medshop, but Cumper remains involved as the Managing Director (Medshop Group). His journey from Zimbabwe to the UK and Australia reflects his dedication to academia and entrepreneurship, combining diverse knowledge and experience.
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July 24, 2024
Steven Cumper
What is The NDIS — A Guide
The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) is a revolutionary initiative by the Australian government designed to support people with disabilities. Introduced in 2013, the NDIS aims to provide a more inclusive society by ensuring that individuals with disabilities receive the necessary support to lead fulfilling lives. As of March 2024, the NDIS supports 649,623 people across Australia. This reflects the scheme's significant growth and its widespread impact. The NDIS supports 82K+ participants aged under 7. Additionally, the scheme includes 38,846 participants who identify as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people and 49,201 participants from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) backgrounds. The NDIS is not a welfare system but a scheme which aims to connect those with a permanent and significant disability with the most appropriate services, products, support or information in their local area to help them achieve their personal goals, providing the funding necessary to do just that. There is a strong focus on disability support via integration and community participation on the one hand, and by empowering the individual to become as independent as they can and wish to be on the other hand. How Does NDIS Work? Prospective participants may apply online or by phone for access the NDIS. If they are eligible they become what is called an NDIS Participant. All NDIS participants will receive a tailored NDIS plan which sets out their personal goals for living with their disability. Crucially this plan is created with the individual, based on conversations about their ongoing situation and their plans for the future. Tips on how to prepare for those conversations are available on the NDIS website for those ready to apply. Once the NDIA has approved a participant’s plan they can begin work with local service providers that support them toward their individual goal. There are different models for managing a participant's funding depending on their wishes and ability, from self-management through to NDIS-managed funding. Who Administers The NDIS In My Area? The NDIS is administered locally throughout Australia by partners of the NDIA. First there are the Local Area Coordination (LAC) Partners - for those aged between 7 and 65 a LAC will be their primary point of contact. They will help NDIS participants to develop their NDIS plan and use it effectively. It’s important to note that LACs are not restricted to working with NDIS participants and can provide local information on activities, government services and any other appropriate support, to anyone with a disability in their area. Secondly there are the Early Childhood Partners who are specifically trained and disposed to provide support for parents with a child younger than seven with a developmental delay or disability. These partners deliver what is called the Early Childhood Approach from Reimagine Australia - a research-based method designed to help families build their own capacity to support their child while also fostering greater inclusion in the community for their child. It is a two pronged approach that gives weight to strengthening the child’s ability to learn and grow independently while ensuring a robust and ongoing family support structure around them. In the case where neither LACs or Early Childhood Partners are available in your area, the NDIS will find a Support Coordinator to fulfill the same function, with specialist support available for complex situations. Accessing Service Providers NDIS service providers are professionals across services such as occupational therapy or speech therapy, really any area in which a participant may require support in a daily activity relating affected by their disability. Participants can use the NDIS to access a support worker or carer, acquire the appropriate assistive technology for their disability, or make home modifications. The scheme helps participants find local providers as part of their plan, but there is also a search tool on the NDIS website for those thinking of applying. There is a distinction between NDIS-registered providers and non-registered providers. If your plan is self-managed or you have a plan manager, you can use your funding for either type of provider, but if your plan is NDIS-managed only NDIS-registered providers can be accessed with the funding. However, participants can always encourage providers they used before they became an NDIS participant to apply for registered status. How Do I Know If I’m Eligible For The NDIS? Over 5.5 million people in Australia have some sort of disability and many of them will wonder whether they are eligible for NDIS funding and support. While the NDIS is set up to provide information and connections to anyone with a disability, to become a NDIS Participant individuals must be considered to have a permanent and significant disability. ‘Permanent’ denotes a disability that is likely to be lifelong. ‘Significant’ means that a disability has a substantial impact on your ability to complete everyday activities. If an applicant currently relies on support from a person or special equipment to aid with a significant and permanent disability they are likely to be eligible. All applicants to the NDIS must be resident in Australia and be Australian citizens or permanent visa holders. The NDIS eligibility checklist is a quick way to find out if you are likely to be eligible for NDIS funding and can make an access request. Information For Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Participants The NDIA provides tailored information via a handy PDF for Torres Strait Islander and Abnoriginal communities who may be living with a permanent and significant disability. The same criteria applies for inclusion on the NDIS scheme but the application process can also be kick started at an Aboriginal Health Service or clinic in the local area. This access channel also provides Indigenous interpreters for those who do not speak English as a first language. What If You Aren’t Eligible For The NDIS? Even if you do not qualify as a NDIS participant the NDIS can still provide you with information and connections to services in your local area. More information on those who are ineligible can be accessed on the NDIS website. Types of Support The NDIS provides a wide range of support, which can be categorized into three main areas: Core Supports: Assistance with daily living activities, transport, consumables, and social and community participation. Capacity Building Supports: Services aimed at building the participant’s skills and independence, including education, employment, relationships, and health and well-being. Capital Supports: Funding for assistive technologies, equipment, home modifications, and other high-cost support need What Are The Benefits Of NDIS? The standout benefit of the NDIS is that it is targeted to individuals, their unique situation and personal goals. Once you become an NDIS participant, support coordinators help you to identify those goals and access funding where necessary. It’s efficient and personalised and it avoids providing blanket, non-targeted funds to individuals who may not have the tools or information to use them. Furthermore, NDIS-registered providers are subject to reasonable price limits so participants cannot be overcharged for NDIS products or services that they need. The NDIS-registered accreditation also avoids participants falling victim to scams and fraudulent schemes - a serious problem in the sector. For more information on accessing the NDIS as a participant or making an access request, visit the NDIS website. Additionally, to discuss NDIS supplies and products, contact Medshop today and explore our range. Author: Steven John Cumper, B.App.SC. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong foundation in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine, who founded and led Medshop to international success, culminating in its acquisition by the Bunzl Group in September 2021, where he continues to serve as Managing Director (Medshop Group).
July 09, 2024
Steven Cumper
Wound Dressing Types: A Practical Guide for Healthcare Professionals
Doctors, nurses, and others who work in healthcare often deal with injuries that require special care. Open wounds are just one example. While it may seem as simple as sticking a bandage on a patient, there are many different types of wound dressings that each serve a specific purpose. In this article, we will discuss wound dressings, wound care, and how to know which types of wounds call for each dressing option. We’ll also cover signs of infection and how infected wounds should be treated. Wound Dressing Types For best results when treating wounds, you need to use the appropriate dressing type based on how the patient presents. For example, ulcers are not treated the same way as surgical incisions. Likewise, minor wounds have a different treatment protocol than necrotic wounds. Below, we will take a look at several different types of wound dressings and discuss their components and indications. Gauze Dressings Aside from standard adhesive bandages, gauze dressings are probably the most familiar type of wound dressing to the average person. These simple but effective bits of material are ideal for superficial wounds or open ones that may be draining. Their absorbency and sterility also make them good options for dressing infected wounds. Gauze dressings are most commonly sold in rolls or individual sponges. This Smith & Nephew Jelonet Non-Medicated Paraffin Gauze Dressing is made from paraffin. Other options can be made from cotton, polyester, rayon, or a blend of fabrics designed to optimize absorption and softness. Gauze is generally used as a primary dressing, applied directly to the wound bed. Non-Adherent Dressings Non-adherent dressings are self-descriptive. These dressings do not stick to the patient’s skin, wound, or exudate. They work well for wounds that will scab over because they are unlikely to reopen the wound when removed. The Aeropad Non-Adherent Dressing is a great example and is highly rated for use on minor abrasions and lacerations. Generally, non-adherent dressings are applied to the wound surface. The absorbent pad is then covered with a secondary dressing to hold them in place. They are usually not recommended when there is high exudate or infection present. Foam Dressings Foam dressings, made from polyurethane foam, are highly absorbent sponge-like dressings that are used for a wide variety of wounds. Wounds presenting with excess exudate are especially good candidates for polyurethane foam dressings due to the breathable material’s excellent absorbency. Foam dressings, such as the Cardinal Kendall Foam Dressing, are also often used for chronic wounds. They aid in the healing process by maintaining a moist environment and reducing the risk of infection. Hydrocolloid Dressings Hydrocolloid dressings are sterile and waterproof. They are made with comfort in mind, keeping the wound environment moist and promoting wound healing. The inner layer is made from hydrocolloid adhesive and sticks to the wound, molding to the body and combining with exudate to create a wound-healing gel. One hydrocolloid dressing our clients in the medical field recommend is the Sentry Osmocol Hydrocolloid Dressing, which has demonstrated success in dressing post-operative wounds. Hydrocolloid dressings are self-adhesive, and the exterior layer is typically made from a clear film. Alginate Dressings Alginate dressings are an innovative wound dressing that is especially effective for leg ulcers or diabetic foot ulcers. They are derived from sodium and calcium alginate, which works similarly to hydrocolloid dressing in that it combines with exudate to create a gel to support the healing wound. Coloplast Biatain Alginate dressings are a popular option for this type. Transparent Film You’ve likely used transparent film dressings when placing an IV, especially in a patient’s hand. They are flexible and made from polymer membranes. They’re beneficial for wound management because they protect the wound from bacteria while also allowing visibility. Our expert clients love the Smith & Nephew Opsite Flexifix Transparent Film Dressing. Hydrogel Dressings Hydrogel dressings are excellent options for treating burns. They are non-adherent, made from a water-soluble gel, and are widely considered the gold standard for burn treatment. Hydrogel is cooling and assists with pain management. It can be used on dry wounds, necrotic wounds, and even skin conditions such as chicken pox. Hydrogel dressings like these Burnex Hydrogel Gel Burn Dressings are great for keeping in first-aid kits for the immediate treatment of burns. They are not recommended for exudating wounds. Antimicrobial Dressings Another innovation in wound dressings is the antimicrobial dressing. These work great for pressure ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, burns, and surgical wounds. They’re often made with silver, like the Smith & Nephew Acticoat Flex 3 Antimicrobial Silver Dressing. Antimicrobial dressings are top choices for lowering the risk of infection in many situations, including the premature loss of an eschar. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy For an advanced option in wound management, you may consider using negative pressure wound therapy, or NPWT. Another name for this technique is vacuum-assisted closure. This method utilizes suction to create a seal that promotes the ideal environment for healing. It works well for skin grafts, specifically for donor sites. Adhesive Dressings Adhesive dressings, like these 3M Tegaderm High Performance Foam Adhesive Dressings, are similar in function to standard bandages that you can find on the shelf at the pharmacy. More complex versions of those are made with foam or other soft materials. They are flexible, prevent skin maceration, and work well on both dry and moist wounds. Composite Dressings Lastly, composite dressings are multi-layered options made to treat issues like surgical wounds and some pressure ulcers. Since they are adhesive bandages, they aren’t always the best choice if the patient has sensitive skin. There are also some minor limitations, including that they have the potential to dry the wound out rather than sustaining a moist wound environment. How to Apply Dressings to Wounds No matter which kind of dressing you are using or what type of wound you’re treating, knowing how to properly apply the dressings is critical to the patient’s healing. Here are some tips for applying wound dressings. Preparation To prepare to dress a wound, you need to prepare the area. First, clean your hands thoroughly. Then, take a good look at the wound to make sure there is no debris or new infection. For dressing changes, you’ll need to take off the existing dressing. Cleaning the Wound Clean the wound before applying any type of dressing. Depending on the wound type, the methods for cleaning the wound safely will vary. Generally, mild soap and water are a good choice. Dressing Selection Based on the type of wound you are treating, you can choose the right dressing for the job. Refer back to each section above for a refresher on what each dressing type is best suited for. Application Carefully put the dressing on the wound. You will likely use a primary dressing to cover the wound and, if needed, a secondary dressing to hold it in place and help keep the area protected. Monitor and Reassessment Once the wound is properly dressed, you’ll want to keep an eye on it to make sure there are no signs of infection, excessive exudate, or other problems. If the wound drains and exudate seeps through the dressing, you may need to change it frequently or consider an alternative dressing. Wound Dressing Overview Wound Dressing Type Dressing Role Wound Type Indications Contraindications Review Time Gauze Dressings Keep wounds dry Abrasions, lacerations, draining wounds Exudating wounds Severe wounds, wounds that need to stay moist 1-5 days Non-Adherent Dressings Encourages moist environment Burns, minor abrasions, lacerations Exudating wounds Dry wounds 3-7 days Foam Dressings Keep wounds moist, absorb exudate Chronic wounds Exudating wounds Dry wounds and wounds requiring frequent review 5 days Hydrocolloids Dressings Keep wounds moist Abrasions, pressure ulcers Burns, abrasions Dry or infected wounds Up to 5 days Alginate Dressings Creates gel, promotes moist environment, relieves pain Infected wounds, highly exudating wounds Infection, exudating wounds Hard eschar, dry wounds 1-5 days Transparent Film Visibility, pain reduction Superficial wounds Superficial wounds Highly exudating wounds Up to 7 days Hydrogel Dressings Absorbent as well as moisturizing Slough, necrotic wounds Dry wounds Gram-negative infections Varies Antimicrobial Dressings Prevent bacterial infection Burns, open wounds Infection Patients with iodine sensitivity Up to 7 days Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Quick healing, infection prevention Skin grafts, burns Dehisced wounds Exposed organs or vasculature, infection Varies Adhesive Dressings Ease of use Cuts, burns, scrapes Small wounds Exudating wounds Up to 7 days Composite Dressings Absorbency, coverage Post-operative wounds, minor burns Minor, draining wounds Stage 4 pressure ulcers Varies Author: Steven John Cumper, B.App.SC. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong foundation in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine, who founded and led Medshop to international success, culminating in its acquisition by the Bunzl Group in September 2021, where he continues to serve as Managing Director (Medshop Group).
May 08, 2024
Steven Cumper
What is a Welch Allyn Ophthalmoscope and How to Use One
In order to carry out accurate and useful physical examinations, doctors need access to high quality tools and diagnostic equipment. Welch Allyn has been producing precise, reliable medical products for over 100 years. Founded in 1915, the manufacturer has grown to be one of the most trusted in the ophthalmology industry. Today, it supplies its high-quality tools, parts, and accessories to healthcare professionals and research centres around the world. Covering everything from traditional stethoscopes to iPhone-enabled ophthalmoscopes like this PanOptic+ enabled direct ophthalmoscope, Welch Allyn has a plethora of excellent options. Welch Allyn was founded when Dr. Francis Welch and William Noah Allyn developed the world's first handheld, direct illuminating ophthalmoscope. The tool has been a big part of the company’s identity since the beginning and continues to be one of its most recognisable products. It's also among its biggest sellers, with hospitals and healthcare facilities around the world placing their trust in the Welch Allyn name. To help you choose the correct ophthalmoscope for your needs, we take a closer look at the Welch Allyn ophthalmoscope range, how you use it, and what value it can add to your medical practice. What is a Welch Allyn Ophthalmoscope? A Welch Allyn ophthalmoscope is an ophthalmoscope produced by specialist medical manufacturer Welch Allyn. It’s one of the brand’s signature products and is sold in countries around the world—either as a standalone tool or part of a complete diagnostic set that may also include an otoscope and aneroid sphygmomanometer. An ophthalmoscope is an instrument used to examine the retina. If you’ve ever been for an eye test or visited an ophthalmologist, there’s a good chance they would have taken a look at your retina with an ophthalmoscope. There are two main types of ophthalmoscope: direct and indirect. Direct ophthalmoscopes are used to examine the centre of the retina whereas indirect ophthalmoscopes check the entire retina. Welch Allyn ophthalmoscopes use either halogen illuminators or SureColor LED technology. This ensures excellent illumination and allows medical professionals to see all elements of the retina. Welch Allyn ophthalmoscopes come in a range of different sizes and designs. The Welch Allyn pocketscope LED ophthalmoscope is light, compact and easy to transport. The Welch Allyn 3.5 V ophthalmoscope is an advanced instrument with a range of specialist features, while the Welch Allyn Pocket Junior ophthalmoscope is the brand’s most basic model. Other features include: Rechargeable lithium-ion power handles for increased running time when compared to standard devices A range of diopter configurations Digital connectivity through the Welch Allyn iExaminer platform Advanced coaxial ophthalmoscopes designed to enable easy entry to the eye for increased field of view, true tissue colour, and reduced glare. How Do Ophthalmoscopes Work? Ophthalmoscopes work by illuminating either a dilated or undilated eye with an LED or halogen light. This allows the medical professional to see the various elements that make up the back of the eye and check for a number of injuries and conditions. The part of the eye that ophthalmoscopes focus on is called the fundus. It’s made up of the retina, the optic disc and a collection of blood vessels. Ophthalmologists will check the fundus when screening for diseases and conditions that affect the eye. It’s also often included in standard eye examinations. An ophthalmoscope can be used to check for: Damage to the optic nerve Retinal detachment or tear Glaucoma Macular degenerations Melanoma Diabetic retinopathy Hypertension Infection Cataracts More advanced ophthalmoscopes offer doctors the ability to alter the aperture, lens and aperture/filter combinations to gain a larger view of the fundus. This can help specialists to make a more accurate diagnosis. Instrument Parts Ophthalmoscopes may look straightforward, but these instruments are very complex, with several important parts that make them work. Brow Rest: The brow rest is at the top of the instrument. It assists with proper placement by sitting against the brow of the user, reducing movement and making it easier to see through the ophthalmoscope. Lens Wheel: This adjustment tool allows the instrument to be focused. The number of lenses varies based on the type of ophthalmoscope you’re using, but the more lenses there are, the more focus options you’ll have. Viewing Port: This is the most important part of an ophthalmoscope – it’s the part you look through. Lens Viewing Window: The viewing window shows the user which lens is currently in use. Diopter Adjustment: This wheel helps with focus and helps adjust the strength of the lens. Head: The head of the ophthalmoscope is the name for the entire top portion, which is usually interchangeable. On/Off Switch: This button turns the device on or off and, in some models, controls the light. Batter Handle: The handle of the ophthalmoscope is used to hold the instrument, but it also contains the battery. Aperture Selection Wheel: This is an additional wheel on the device that controls aperture settings. Aperture Settings Aperture refers to a small opening that can control how much light is able to move through a lens. The aperture settings on an ophthalmoscope change the size of that opening, allowing more or less light through. Each aperture setting allows a different view: Small aperture is used to see the fundus while the pupil is undilated. This setting is used in a room with dim lighting. When the small aperture is used, the user has better visibility and depth perception. Issues like subtle microaneurysms, intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA), or areas of capillary nonperfusion are easier to see using a small aperture. Large aperture is used for dilated pupils, typically after mydriatic eyedrops have been given. The large aperture is more likely to be used during standard eye examinations. With this setting, the user gets plenty of light with which to look at the eyeball and its structures, providing a broad view. It is generally used when the room is dimly lit. Micro spot aperture is used when the pupil is undilated and constricted and when the room is well-lit. Micro spot aperture is perfect for when the light from the small aperture isn’t quite narrow and focused enough. This setting is used specifically for procedures and imaging procedures where there is a need for extreme precision. It offers a high resolution that is beneficial for retinal microsurgery, laser photocoagulation, and advanced imaging modalities like optical coherence tomography (OCT). Other aperture settings may be included with your ophthalmoscope depending on the model, including slit aperture, cobalt blue filters, and red-free filters. Dioptre Settings The dioptre settings on an ophthalmoscope are the device’s way of adjusting which lens is being used. The higher the number, the more convex the lens is. The lower the number, the more concave the lens. This is controlled with a focusing wheel. The patient’s focal point will determine the dioptre setting you should choose. Different conditions of the eyeball cause variations in the focal point, so your examination will be customized for each patient. For example, if your patient has hypermetropia, you will need to use a more convex lens for the examination. On the other hand, patients with myopia should be checked using a concave lens. Red Reflex The red reflex refers to the reddish-orange reflection of light from the back of the eye that can be seen during an ophthalmoscopy. Checking the red reflex is important as abnormalities in the reflex can point to a more serious issue. When using an ophthalmoscope for red reflex, it’s important the lights in the room are turned down low. Doctors should use a direct ophthalmoscope, and the lens power should be set to ‘0’. The doctor should sit around 50cm from the patient and place the ophthalmoscope close to the eye. The patient should then be asked to look straight into the ophthalmoscope. When the doctor looks through the ophthalmoscope into the eye, they should see the bright red reflex. The colour and brightness of the red reflex should be identical in both eyes. If it isn’t, this may indicate a problem, and further tests should be carried out. How to Use a Standard Ophthalmoscope from Welch Allyn Ophthalmoscopes should always be used by trained professionals. While the instruments are non-invasive, incorrect use can still potentially cause damage to the eye. When using an ophthalmoscope, it’s essential the patient is seated and still and the correct working distance maintained. Exam lights in the room need to be turned down low, or switched off completely, to optimise the view of the fundus. Welch Allyn ophthalmoscopes are very intuitive to use. Adjustments can be made to the lens, lighting and filter simply by moving switches and dials on the ophthalmoscope head. Most of these adjustments can be made without removing the ophthalmoscope from the eye, allowing doctors to fine tune their examination quickly and easily. Filters can be applied to the ophthalmoscope to check different parts of the eye. Red filters are used to look closely at the blood vessels and a red-free filter or cobalt blue filter can be used to check for corneal abrasions or ulcers with fluorescein dye. Slit apertures allow doctors to look at contour abnormalities of the cornea, lens or retina and grids can be used to approximate the relative distance between any retinal lesions found during the examination. Let’s look at a step-by-step guide for using the direct ophthalmoscope during an eye exam. We recommend this for medical students to supplement your favorite OSCE guide like Geeky Medics! First, make sure the patient is seated, and the ophthalmoscope can be comfortably held at eye level. Adjust the aperture settings on the instrument. Inform the patient that you will be using a bright light to look at their eye. Ask the patient to look straight ahead at the wall and focus their vision. When you’re examining the patient’s right eye, you should use your right hand to hold the ophthalmoscope and look through it with your right eye. To view their left eye, use your left hand to hold the instrument and look with your left eye. Use the hand that is not holding the device to hold the patient’s head still. It’s easiest to put your thumb on their eyebrow to help reduce movement. For placement, make sure to keep the ophthalmoscope approximately 15 centimetres from the patient’s eyeball. You’ll also want to hold it slightly to the right of their head. Now, look for the red reflex. Gradually get closer to the patient until the optic nerve comes into view. Take the necessary measurements, such as the cup-to-disc ratio. Slowly, move in every direction to examine the vasculature. Back up again so that you can locate the macula and fovea. Understanding the difference between direct ophthalmoscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy is important during your exam. Direct ophthalmoscopy is used for stereoscopic vision. You’ll get an upright image with roughly 15 times magnification. Indirect ophthalmoscopy will give a wider view, and it’s done by mounting the ophthalmoscope to the examiner’s head, who will then put about an arm’s length distance between themselves and the patient. What is the Difference Between Retinoscope and Ophthalmoscope? A retinoscope is an instrument used to carry out retinoscopies. A retinoscopy is an exam that’s used to determine the refractive error of the eye. This allows medical professionals to diagnose patients that are farsighted, nearsighted or have astigmatism by examining the field of view. During the retinoscopy, light needs to be moved quickly from side to side. From the speed and direction that light moves across the eye, opticians and ophthalmologists can estimate the level of refractive error. Ophthalmoscopes are unable to provide this type of fast moving illumination. The existing Welch Allyn catalogue also includes a range of retinoscopes. These are often sold in conjunction with ophthalmoscopes. What is The Meaning of Fundoscopy? A fundoscopy is an exam that looks in detail at the fundus of the eye. It’s also known as a fundoscopic exam. An ophthalmoscope is generally used to carry out fundoscopies as they provide doctors with excellent visuals and a choice of useful tools and filters. Investing in a high quality Welch Allyn ophthalmoscope is an excellent way for ophthalmologists and other medical professionals to provide their patients with high quality care. Find out more, and learn about the Welch Allyn ophthalmoscopes we offer, by exploring the Medshop store today. Additionally, stay tuned to the Medshop blog for more information on healthcare equipment and supplies. Author: Steven John Cumper, B.App.SC. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong foundation in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine, who founded and led Medshop to international success, culminating in its acquisition by the Bunzl Group in September 2021, where he continues to serve as Managing Director (Medshop Group).
April 12, 2024
Steven Cumper
How to Use a Sphygmomanometer the Correct Way
Learn how sphygmomanometers work, and how to use a sphygmomanometer the correct way with Medshop.
December 12, 2023
Steven Cumper
What Should I Keep in My First Aid Kit?
Accidents and injuries can happen unexpectedly, and whether it’s at home, during outdoor activities, at your place of work, or even in the car, having a well-stocked first aid kit can help you deal with minor injuries and provide immediate care until professional help arrives. However, knowing what to put in the different kinds of first aid kit can mean the difference between having exactly what you need and having a giant suitcase full of unnecessary items! So, to help you build the ideal first aid kit for your application, we’ve put together a comprehensive guide to what you should include. Read on to learn more and check out our recommendations for products that will allow you to create the perfect first aid kit in any setting. The Importance of Having a First Aid Kit A first aid kit is a practical and handy set of supplies that can make the difference during an emergency, giving you the essentials that you need to administer immediate care. Whether it's a minor cut, a sprain, or a more serious injury, having a well-prepared first aid kit ensures that you can take immediate action, potentially preventing the situation from getting worse. What’s more, in emergencies where professional medical help might take time to reach you, a first aid kit can act as a lifeline until assistance arrives. However, a first aid kit can also be vital in addressing sudden illnesses or unexpected medical conditions. For instance, having the right medications readily available can make a real difference to individuals with conditions such as allergies or asthma—and in some settings, even those with heart conditions. Additionally, alongside taking a first aid course such as those offered by the Red Cross, a well-maintained first aid can provide you with a safety net, ensuring a sense of security and confidence in facing a medical emergency. Basic First Aid Kit Vs. Comprehensive First Aid Kit There are many types of first aid kit currently available to buy, ranging from the very basic to the comprehensive. Some are made specifically for the car, while others can be mounted on the wall to give homes and businesses immediate access to medical essentials. Both, however, will usually include a core set of items, including bandages, gauze pads, and adhesive tape, along with tools such as scissors and tweezers for basic care. Additionally, disposable gloves and antiseptic wipes are included to maintain hygiene, while items like elastic wraps and instant cold packs can address minor sprains and strains. Of course, it’s also possible to build your own first aid kit that is tailored to your exact needs. For instance, those with allergies or asthma may include antihistamines and inhalers, while people working within construction or on large DIY jobs in the home, may include extra gauze and bandages in case of an accident. Alongside these items, you may also consider burn ointment and eyewash solution, or things such as snake bite kits for those living in and around snakes. Either way, whatever your first aid kit looks like, it should be easily accessible to anyone who may need it, and the included supplies should be regularly checked and restocked to ensure nothing is missing. Finally, if you are building your own basic or comprehensive first aid kit, you can update its contents as your needs develop. Essential Items for Every First Aid Kit Here, we highlight the essential elements that every first aid kit from our selection should encompass, providing you with a solid foundation from which to customize your own first aid kit. Basic First Aid Supplies Adhesive Bandages — Various sizes for covering small wounds and blisters. Sterile Gauze Pads — For larger wounds and to help stop bleeding. Medical Tape — Secures bandages and dressings in place. Scissors and Tweezers — For cutting tape, clothing, or removing splinters. Disposable Gloves — Protects against contamination during first aid procedures. Antiseptic Wipes or Solution — For cleaning wounds and preventing infection. Cotton Balls and Swabs — Cleaning and applying ointments. Instant Cold Packs — Reduces swelling and pain. Breathing Barrier Mask — Provides a barrier for rescue breathing/CPR. Medical Mask or Face Shield — Protects the caregiver. Wound Care Items Antibiotic Ointment — Prevents infection in minor wounds. Sterile Eyewash Solution — For rinsing eyes in case of foreign particles. Burn Ointment or Gel — Provides relief for minor burns. Ace Bandage or Elastic Wraps — Supports sprains and strains. Triangular Bandages — Serves as a sling or for immobilizing injuries. Safety Pins — Secures bandages or helps create a makeshift sling. Saline — For wound cleaning as well as treating the eyes and nose. Medications and Pain Relief Pain Relievers (Paracetamol or Ibuprofen) — For headaches, pain, or fever. Antihistamines — Treats allergic reactions, allergies, and insect bites or stings. Aspirin — Helps during a suspected heart attack. Epinephrine Auto-Injector (if prescribed) — For severe allergic reactions. Hydrocortisone — For redness, itching, swelling, or other discomfort caused by skin conditions. How to Customize Your First Aid Kit for Different Use Whether you buy a basic first aid kit and plan to upgrade it, or you build your own from scratch, there’s a variety of ways you can customise and tailor it to your needs and different applications. Below, we look at how you can do this in different settings. First Aid Kit for Home We noticed that our customers prefer having basic first aid kits in their homes. These kits are thoughtfully designed to encompass all the essentials for handling minor incidents, including the items listed above. However, we suggest considering a few additional items for a more comprehensive approach. For instance, having a thermometer on hand is always beneficial when suspecting a family member may be running a fever. A torch and spare batteries can also prove invaluable during power outages. First Aid Kit for Travel When it comes to travel, our portable first aid kit is designed to be compact enough for your suitcase, backpack, or car glove box. We recommend including all the items from our basic first aid kit list, and some clients find value in adding motion sickness medication, anti-diarrheal medication, and water purification tablets. First Aid Kit for Outdoor Activities We understand that outdoor activities come with increased risks, and our first aid kits cater to those needs. Extra wound care items, elastic bandages, and wraps for sprains and joint injuries are essential additions.However, in Australia, snake and spider bite kits are essential items when spending time outside. For activities like hiking or camping, it's important to include moleskin or blister pads for foot care, splints for potential sprains or breaks, and an emergency whistle for alerting rescuers in remote areas. How to Maintain Your First Aid Kit As someone who deals in medical supplies, we understand the utmost importance of maintaining and restocking your first aid kit. The effectiveness of care can be compromised by out-of-date or damaged items, and it's crucial to replace used items while keeping an eye on expiration dates. Let's delve deeper into how you can ensure your first aid kit is always ready for action. Regular Check-Ups Regular check-ups when your first aid kit has not been in use is an important part of regular maintenance. This means periodically inspecting all supplies to identify any items that may have expired or become damaged over time. This ensures that the contents of your kit remain reliable and safe for use. It's crucial to promptly replace any supplies that have been utilized, ensuring that the kit is always fully equipped. Check the Expiry Dates of Medicines Regularly assess all medicines within the kit to confirm they have not passed their use-by date. If any medications are nearing expiration, it's important that you replace them promptly to guarantee their potency and effectiveness in case of an emergency. Replenishing Supplies Ensure that consumables like bandages and gauze are well-stocked, guaranteeing an ample supply for potential emergencies. In addition, you should also use this time to check and update medical information or emergency phone numbers and contact details for you and your family. This ensures that your kit remains current and tailored to any specific medical needs that may have arisen since your last check. How Much Does a First Aid Kit Cost? The cost of a first aid kit can vary based on the type and quality of supplies included. Our basic kits range from $9.45 to around $100, while our comprehensive kits extend to around $300. Quality should always take precedence over cost to ensure that your family, friends, and colleagues have access to the best medical supplies. Where to Buy First Aid Supplies? If you're in the market for full first aid kits or any of the items we've listed above, you can find everything you need on the Medshop website. Explore our comprehensive range of first aid supplies, including band-aids, wound dressings, dressing pads, roller bandages, and more. For further information, don't hesitate to reach out to our team today. Author: Steven John Cumper, B.App.SC. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong foundation in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine, who founded and led Medshop to international success, culminating in its acquisition by the Bunzl Group in September 2021, where he continues to serve as Managing Director (Medshop Group).
February 28, 2024
Steven Cumper
What is a Welch Allyn Otoscope and How to Use One
When it comes to medical diagnostics, few tools are as essential and irreplaceable as the otoscope. First described in the 14th century and modified in the 19th, diagnostic otoscopes are one of the most recognisable and commonly used medical instruments around, and the technology has made significant advances since those early designs. Investing in high quality otoscopes, alongside other diagnostic equipment such as ophthalmoscopes, retinoscopes, stethoscopes, and sphygmomanometers will help doctors and other medical professionals to accurately assess and diagnose their patients. Otoscopes can be used to screen for a variety of illnesses and conditions and are commonly used both in general checkups and specialist consultations. They are also available in a wide range of designs, with additional functionality that extends to examining the nasal canal and the throat. This in turn allows hospitals and clinics to provide patients with high-quality medical care that covers a broad range of areas. What is a Welch Allyn Otoscope? A Welch Allyn otoscope is a standard diagnostic tool produced by well-known medical manufacturer Welch Allyn. The Welch Allyn otoscope is a handheld instrument used by healthcare professionals to examine the ear canal and eardrum. It typically consists of a light source, a magnifying lens, and a disposable speculum or tip for hygienic examination. The US-based company is one of the most well-established names in the world of medical tools and accessories. Known for the quality of its products, its consistently high standards, and its innovative instruments, Welch Allyn is a trusted source for diagnostic sets and tools of all kinds. Types of Welch Allyn Otoscopes The otoscopes produced by the brand offer a number of useful functions and features. The company’s most affordable model is the Welch Allyn Pocket LED Otoscope. The device comes in four bright colours, making it ideal for use with younger patients and on paediatric wards. The instrument comes with either halogen HPX lighting or SureColour LED technology to allow doctors to accurately see all parts of the ear. It offers 2.5x magnification, increased battery life and a compact, lightweight design. The Welch Allyn 3.5V otoscope is a more advanced tool with a wider choice of functions. Six different heads are available for the otoscope, giving doctors a precise, specialist tool that’s ideal for their needs. Otoscope heads available include models with throat illuminators, models that feature lithium-ion or nickel-cadmium rechargeable handles, reusable ear specula and tools for pneumatic otoscopy. The Welch Allyn MacroView otoscope 3.5V offers doctors even better optics and magnification than other models. The instrument offers 30% higher magnification than traditional otoscopes and delivers almost twice the field of view at high magnifications compared to standard devices through the use of fiber-optic cool light technology. This can make it a lot easier to visualise the auditory canal and tympanic membrane. MacroView otoscopes are often used to enhance learning opportunities, aid decision making and boost patient outcomes. How to Use a Welch Allyn Otoscope Welch Allyn otoscopes are designed to be easy and intuitive to use, helping make diagnostics in patients more efficient. Adjustments can be made using the switches and dials on the head of the device, and with some instruments, you will also have the option of changeable heads. This provides the user with improved functionality and specialist features that suit a variety of examinations. Prepare the Otoscope Attach the appropriate speculum or tip onto the otoscope. Choose a size that fits comfortably into the patient's ear canal. Illuminate the Otoscope Activate the light source of the otoscope to ensure clear visibility during the examination. Insert the Otoscope Gently grasp the patient's outer ear and gently pull it upwards and backwards to straighten the ear canal. With the otoscope handle in one hand, carefully insert the otoscope into the ear canal with the other hand, avoiding excessive pressure. When otoscopes are held incorrectly, any flinches or sudden movements from the patient can result in damage to the ear canal. We recommend resting a finger against the patient’s neck should help to brace the otoscope and prevent the instrument causing any injuries. Examine the Ear Canal Slowly advance the otoscope into the ear canal while observing the ear canal walls for any signs of redness, swelling, discharge, or other abnormalities. Rotate the otoscope as needed to visualize different areas of the ear canal. If the area of the ear that needs to be examined isn’t clearly visible on the first attempt, the focus of the otoscope can be adjusted for better clarity. You may need to do this multiple times to find the best setting during the examination. Visualize the Eardrum Continue advancing the otoscope until the eardrum (tympanic membrane) comes into view. The eardrum should appear translucent and pearly gray in color. Note any signs of perforation, fluid accumulation, or other abnormalities. If doctors want to assess the tympanic membrane, they can use a pneumatic otoscope. These use changes in pressure to move the membrane, allowing diagnosis of issues in this part of the ear. Assessing this movement allows doctors to check for conditions including middle ear effusions, vascular lesions and inner ear fistulas. When the exam is complete, the used speculum should be removed from the otoscope to be cleaned and disinfected thoroughly before being returned. Additionally, proper storage of the specula and other accessories associated with your otoscope will help to extend their working life. Can an Otoscope See the Inner Ear? Otoscopes can’t be used to check the inner ear, however, they can provide doctors with useful information about the overall health of the ear and its various components, allowing a diagnosis of the inner ear based on the results. An otoscope allows doctors to see the ear canal and tympanic membrane. During an ear examination, an otoscope can be used to check for signs of infection, swelling, injury and other abnormalities. How Much Does an Otoscope Cost? The price of an otoscope varies according to its functionality, design, and the range of accessories included in the specific diagnostic kit. Standard otoscopes are available for less than $150 while more advanced models can cost over $200. More advanced otoscopes are often used by specialists while standard models are commonly used for check ups and other routine procedures. The Welch Allyn PocketScope Otoscope is the most affordable in our collection, while the MacroView and Welch Allyn 3.5V otoscopes are at the top end of the range. Welch Allyn produces a selection of accessories and parts for their otoscope range, although in many cases you will receive at least some of the accessories you need as part of your otoscope set. These help doctors to tailor their instruments to perfectly suit their patients and their medical requirements, allowing for a broad range of examinations within the ear, nose, and throat. Otoscopes are an essential tool for all family doctors and ear, nose and throat specialists, and they are among the most commonly used devices within the professional healthcare sector. For this reason, choosing a trusted brand such as Welch Allyn is a good way to ensure you are providing the best healthcare to your patients and that you get value for money with a device designed to last. To find out more about these innovative instruments and other Welch Allyn diagnostic sets and devices, browse the Medshop online store today. Author: Steven John Cumper, B.App.SC. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong foundation in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine, who founded and led Medshop to international success, culminating in its acquisition by the Bunzl Group in September 2021, where he continues to serve as Managing Director (Medshop Group).
September 29, 2023
Steven Cumper
Nebuliser Vs Inhaler — What’s the Difference
For medical professionals, or anyone who suffers breathing difficulties caused by asthma, lung disease, or cystic fibrosis, inhalers and nebulizers are probably all too familiar, and at some point, you no doubt will have come across both. However, for those not in regular contact with these life-saving devices, there may be some confusion between the two. This article aims to explain the purpose of both nebulizers and inhalers, describing how they work, the key differences between the two, and what you should consider if you are looking to purchase one or both of these types of medication delivery devices. Read on to learn more. What Is a Nebulizer For those asking what is a nebulizer, the simple answer is that it is a specialized medical device used in the treatment of respiratory conditions. It is designed to convert liquid medicine into a fine mist, making it easier to inhale, where it enters the lungs and then into the bloodstream. Nebulizers are commonly prescribed for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, and acute asthma. They are particularly beneficial for young children or those who may have difficulty using other inhalation devices. However, they are usually larger than inhalers, and they are designed to go over the mouth. How Does It Work and When to Use Them? Nebulizers rely on a power source to work, usually an air compressor powered by electrical connection or battery. Medication is added to a medicine cup, which is then attached to the mouthpiece or mask. Next the tubing is connected between the mouthpiece or mask and the nebulizer compressor. The medication is then turned into a mist which can be inhaled through the mouthpiece or mask. The time it takes to use a nebulizer will depend on the amount of medication prescribed, but users should take normal breaths during the medication delivery period. This can range from 5 to 15 minutes depending on the condition and the type of medications. In most cases, nebulizers are used during the exacerbation or flare-up of lung diseases when quick relief is critical. They are also often used on patients who are unable to use inhalers due to medical conditions, and also on babies and small children who would otherwise find using inhalers difficult. Types of Nebulizers Today, there are two primary types of nebulizers, jet nebulizers and ultrasonic nebulizers. Jet nebulizers use compressed air to generate a mist, while ultrasonic nebulizers employ high-frequency vibrations. Each type has its pros and cons, and a doctor will usually advise on which type is best suited to specific medical conditions or medication types. Pros and Cons As with any kind of medical device, a nebulizer features certain pros and cons that you should be aware of. Some things to consider include: Pros Effective for delivering liquid medication. Suitable for individuals with difficulty using handheld devices. Ideal for young children or those requiring specific dosages. Can be used during acute asthma or COPD exacerbations. Cons Requires a power source for operation. Treatment may take longer compared to inhalers. Nebulizer machines are less portable than inhalers. What Is an Inhaler An inhaler, also known as a metered-dose inhaler (MDI), is a handheld device that delivers medication in aerosol form directly into the lungs. It is a common method of drug delivery for individuals with various respiratory conditions, especially asthma. They are usually compact enough to fit into a pocket, with a small mouthpiece designed to fit into the mouth. How Does It Work and When to Use Them? Inhalers work by releasing a specific dosage of medication in the form of a fine mist. This is achieved by pressing down on the MDI, which activates the release of the aerosol. To enhance delivery, a spacer or holding chamber may be used. This accessory helps ensure that enough of the medication reaches the lungs, particularly for individuals who may have difficulty during inhalation. Types of Inhalers There are many different types of inhalers currently available today, including dry powder inhalers (DPIs) and pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs). DPIs release medication in powder form and require the patient to inhale deeply. pMDIs, on the other hand, deliver medication in a liquid propellant, which is then converted into a fine mist for inhalation. Pros and Cons Some of the benefits of inhalers over nebulizers are included below, however, it’s also important to think about the disadvantages in relation to your particular medical condition. Pros: Highly portable and convenient for on-the-go use. Quick and efficient drug delivery. No need for a power source or additional equipment. Available in various formulations, including corticosteroids and bronchodilators. Cons: Requires precise inhaler technique for optimal effectiveness. May not be suitable for very young children or individuals with coordination difficulties. Key Differences Between Nebulizers and Inhalers While often thought of as similar medication delivery devices, there are a number of key differences between nebulizers and inhalers. The table below will help you to understand the differences and why they are important. NEBULIZERS INHALERS Delivery Mechanism Convert liquid medication into a fine mist, making it easy to inhale into the lungs. This process is achieved through the use of a compressor or ultrasonic technology. Release medication in aerosol form. They function by activating a canister that propels the medication into a fine mist for inhalation. Portability and Power Source Less portable as they rely on a power source, usually a compressor, for operation. This limits their use to settings where electricity is readily available. Highly portable and do not require an external power source. This makes them suitable for on-the-go use and convenient for individuals with active lifestyles. Speed of Administration Treatments generally take longer compared to inhalers. The process of converting liquid medication into a fine mist can require several minutes to complete. Quick and efficient drug delivery. The medication is released instantly, allowing for a swift response to respiratory symptoms. Age and Patient Considerations Often preferred for young children, as they may have difficulty using inhalers effectively. The fine mist produced by a nebulizer is easier for children to inhale. Require a certain level of coordination and technique for optimal effectiveness. They may be more suitable for older children, adolescents, and adults. Accessories and Aids May be used with additional accessories, such as masks, to facilitate delivery, particularly for individuals who struggle with a mouthpiece. can be used with a holding chamber or spacer to enhance drug delivery. This accessory helps ensure that enough of the medication reaches the lungs. Types of Medication Well-suited for delivering a wide range of medications, including corticosteroids, bronchodilators, and antibiotics in liquid form. Available in various formulations, including corticosteroids for long-term control and bronchodilators for immediate relief during asthma attacks or exacerbations. Emergency Use Frequently used in cases of severe respiratory conditions like cystic fibrosis or acute exacerbations of COPD. Widely used for both maintenance therapy and quick-relief applications in conditions like asthma and COPD. Factors to Consider When Choosing Between Nebulizers and Inhalers At the end of the day, choosing between a nebulizer and inhaler will depend on a variety of factors related to your medical conditions or conditions. You will need to think about the following before making a purchase: Condition Severity — Consider the severity of the respiratory condition. Nebulizers are often preferred for acute exacerbations, while inhalers can be used for both maintenance and quick relief. Age and Patient Population — Young children, elderly individuals, or those with limited hand dexterity may find nebulizers with masks or mouthpieces more manageable. Inhalers can be challenging for young children or those with coordination difficulties. Portability and Lifestyle — Nebulizers require a power source and are less portable. Inhalers are highly portable and convenient, making them suitable for active lifestyles or frequent travelers. Medication Type and Formulation — Consider the specific medications prescribed. Some may only be available in liquid form, making a nebulizer necessary. Inhalers offer a wide range of formulations, including corticosteroids, bronchodilators, and combination therapies. Emergency Situations — For emergencies like acute asthma attacks, inhalers with rapid-acting bronchodilators are often preferred due to their immediate action and portability. Patient Preference and Comfort — Involve the patient in the decision-making process. Some individuals may have a strong preference for one method over the other based on personal experience or comfort level. Which One Is Better for You: Nebulizer or Inhaler? When it comes to choosing a nebulizer or inhaler, there is no one-size-fits-all answer, and your unique circumstances must be taken into account. Sometimes one of either will suffice, however, for other medical conditions you need a nebulizer installed at home and an inhaler when you leave the house. Ultimately, the decision should be made in consultation with your doctor or healthcare provider who will assess your specific needs, preferences, and medical history. Remember, always seek medical advice before making any significant changes to a treatment plan, and always consult with your doctor on the devices you are using. For more information on nebulisers, inhalers, and other medical devices, contact Medshop today. Author: Steven John Cumper, B.App.SC. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong foundation in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine, who founded and led Medshop to international success, culminating in its acquisition by the Bunzl Group in September 2021, where he continues to serve as Managing Director (Medshop Group).
November 29, 2020
Steven Cumper
What Does N95 Mean? How and When to Wear an N95 Mask
Over the past few months, it’s safe to say that we’ve all become more aware of the importance of PPE, and the increase in mask wearing during the COVID-19 pandemic, one of the most essential elements of personal protective equipment, has allowed us to appreciate their efficacy like at no other time. Masks help to prevent virus droplets entering the respiratory system and stop an infected person from exposing others to risk, something which has proven critical in the fight against the coronavirus. However, today, people are wearing different types of masks in different environments, and from your standard cotton face covering to the iconic surgical mask, each offers different levels of respiratory protection and filtration efficiency. One of the most widely recognised standards used in medical settings is N95, and many healthcare workers will already be familiar with this type of disposable respirator. These types of masks are used in hospitals, clinics and doctors surgeries but they are also becoming increasingly common outside of these settings as members of the public strive to stop the spread of the virus and protect themselves from airborne contaminants. For those unaware of the difference between a surgical N95 respirator and say, a less protective surgical mask or cotton face covering, here we look at exactly what these highly effective masks entail. Additionally, if you’re currently looking to restock your supplies of PPE, investing in good quality masks is essential, and here we take a closer look at how to wear them and how they can protect you and your patients from infection. What is a N95 Particulate Respirator? A N95 particulate respirator is a face mask that’s designed to filter out particulates as low as 0.3 microns. This type of facemask was originally developed for use in the mining and construction industries, specifically manufactured to protect the wearer from breathing in potentially dangerous particles in the atmosphere. N95 respirators have also been shown to be effective as protection against engineered nanoparticles and other aerosols. Standard N95 respirators will protect the wearer from a range of particles including dust, paint droplets and airborne pollution. They won’t protect against gasses or vapours and they are only effective in the absence of oil particles such as lubricants, cutting fluids and glycerine. If you want to protect yourself from virus droplets and infection, you need to look for a surgical N95 mask. These types of masks are designed to offer a tighter fit around the nose and mouth. This helps to prevent virus droplets being either inhaled or spread by the wearer. Using a N95 respirator mask correctly can significantly reduce the risk of infection and prevent the transmission of a virus. N95 masks that are used in medical settings are not reusable and should be disposed of after each use. However, N95 respirators that are used for industrial purposes can be cleaned and re-worn multiple times. There are some people who may not be able to wear N95 masks. This is because respirators can make breathing more difficult. If you have one of the following conditions, you should talk to your doctor before wearing a face covering. · Emphysema · Pulmonary fibrosis · Claustrophobia · Panic attacks · Heart disease · Anxiety · Autism What is a N95 Approved Mask? When a mask has a N95 rating it shows that it meets the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) N95 classification for air filtration. This standard states that a respirator needs to filter at least 95% of airborne particles. The standard does not require the mask to be resistant to oil. If a mask is N95 approved, it will prevent you from breathing in 95% of the particulates in the air around you. It won’t stop you from breathing oxygen. Only masks that meet this standard can be labelled as N95. These types of masks are also known as N95 filtering face piece respirators, and they are used by professionals in a number of industries including healthcare, construction and mining. How Long Can You Wear a N95 Mask? The length of time you can wear a N95 mask for will vary depending on the setting and the people you are coming into contact with. The CDC says that N95 respirator masks can be worn continuously for up to eight hours without a problem. This length of use is appropriate if you’re only working in healthcare settings where one patient or with a single group of patients are all infected with the same pathogen. If you’re moving between hospital wards or between patients with unknown infections, a new mask should be worn for each occasion. Changing masks on a regular basis helps to prevent cross contamination and protect patients and staff from infection. If you’re moving between patients and don’t have an option to dispose of your mask, wearing a clear visor can help to prevent virus droplets and small particles contaminating the respirator. Is a P2 Mask the Same as N95? When looking for PPE supplies, you may well see some face masks with a N95 rating and others with a P2 classification. Both N95 and P2 masks offer a high level of protection with . N95 masks filter at least 95% of particulates from the air while P2 masks filter 94%. The main difference between the standards is the area of classification. While N95 masks are rated by NIOSH, P2 masks are regulated by the European Union. How Does a N95 Mask Protect Against Viruses? A lot of viruses are spread by airborne particles. These particles are released into the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes or breathes next to a non-infected person. When the virus droplets are inhaled, the non-infected person can catch the virus and become ill. N95 respirators help to protect against the spread of viruses by through particulate filtering that prevents virus droplets in air entering into the mouth or nose. If an infected person wears a N95 mask, the respirator will prevent virus droplets from spreading when the person coughs, sneezes or exhales. If a non-infected person wears a N95 mask, they will be protected from 95% of the virus droplets in the air and have a much lower risk of becoming infected. How to Wear a N95 Respirator? Wearing your N95 respirator correctly will ensure you benefit from the full protection of the face mask. The respirator needs to cover both your nose and mouth and should form an air-tight seal with your face. If you’re not sure how to wear a N95 mask, ask your employer for guidance. What is a N95 Respirator Fit Test? A N95 Respirator Fit Test is used to ensure people using N95 masks know how to properly use the PPE. During the test, employees will be asked to try on a selection of N95 respirators. The person carrying out the test will check to see if the wearer is able to create an air-tight seal between the mask and their face. This is important as an air-tight seal will prevent contaminated air escaping from the mask and also prevent virus droplets entering the mask. Fit Tests should be carried out when this type of mask is first used and then every year after that. Once an employee has established which type of N95 mask fits them best, they should stick to this style for all future use. What Are N95 Mask Sizes? N95 masks are available in a range of sizes. This helps to ensure masks fit the wearer precisely. The way masks are sized varies depending on the manufacturer, and in most cases, you’ll be able to choose from small, small/medium, medium and medium/large sizes. If you work for a company or organisation that requires you to wear a N95 mask, they should provide you with a choice of sizes for your fit test. This will give you the opportunity to try on a few different sizes and find the mask that best fits your face shape. What is a N95 HEPA Mask? HEPA stands for high efficiency particulate air filter. HEPA filters are incredibly effective, removing between 99.95% and 99.999% of particulates from the air while also protecting the wearer from allergens, bacteria, mould, pollution and viruses. N95 respirators aren’t fitted with HEPA filters and only remove 95% of particulates from the air. In most medical settings, a N95 mask will offer sufficient protection. If you need more protection than a N95 mask provides, look for a HEPA air-purifying respirator or N100 respirator instead. What is a N95 Particulate Respirator Made Of? Most N95 particulate respirator masks are made from synthetic plastic fibres. These fibres are woven into a fine mesh and are able to catch at least 95% of particulates that pass through them. Polypropylene is one of the most common polymers used in the production of N95 masks. Where Can You Buy a N95 Mask in Australia? As N95 masks are an important part of PPE, they should always be purchased from a reliable supplier. This is true whether you’re working in construction, mining or healthcare. If you plan to buy a mask from a local hardware shop or another non-specialist retailer, make sure the mask is rated N95 and not KN95. The KN rating shows the product is made in China. And although these masks are supposed to meet the same standards as N95 respirators, NIOSH has found that, in many cases, KN95 masks fall well below standard. A good quality N95 mask will probably cost between $40 and $80. Discounts are often available for bulk orders, so if you’re purchasing on behalf of a clinic, hospital or group, make sure you take a look at the offers available before you buy. For the best choice of single-use N95 masks and the most competitive prices, take a look at the Medshop Australia collection today.
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